Stainless Steel

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Stainless Steel

Stainless Steel
FRACTIONS TO DECIMAL CONVERSION
PIPE SCHEDULES
GAUGE CHART - SHEET / WIRE
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History of Stainless Steel

Stainless Steel, is also described as inox steel (derived from French: “inoxydable” meaning stainless), is a steel alloy. The major difference between stainless steel and ordinary (carbon) steel is that the former does not undergo corrosion when exposed to water or air while the latter does. Therefore, stainless steel finds use in applications that not only need the properties of steel but also require high resistance to corrosion.

How is Stainless Steel Manufactured?

During the steel making process, various elements are added to ordinary steel when it is still in its molten state. The elements added, as well as the quantities of those elements, will change the properties of steel. If, during the process of steel production, the amount of chromium added exceeds 10.5% of the total mass of the alloy, the resultant steel alloy is stainless steel.

Why Is Stainless Steel Highly Resistant to Corrosion?

Stainless Steel is highly resistant to corrosion because of the large amount of chromium that it contains. This chromium reacts with the oxygen present in the atmosphere to form a passive layer of chromium oxide. As a result of the formation of this layer, oxygen in the atmosphere is unable to reach the actual steel surface; this protects the metal alloy from rusting or corroding. However, for this to happen, not only should sufficient amount of chromium be present, so should sufficient amount of oxygen. Therefore, in environments having low oxygen levels, stainless steel might still undergo corrosion.

The property of non-corrosion of an alloy of iron and chromium was first discovered by Pierre Berthier, who was a French metallurgist, in the year 1821. However, in the 19th century, metallurgists were not able to actually produce a steel alloy that had high levels of chromium and low levels of carbon. The alloys that they produced had high levels of carbon and were too brittle. It wasn’t until the latter part of the 19th century and earlier part of the 20th century, however, that a number of researchers, like the Frenchman Leon Guillet and others in Europe and the United States of America, managed to create alloys which, today, we would consider as stainless steel. And all of this started when a German chemist called Hans Goldschmidt developed a thermite process to produce chromium that was carbon-free. By the third decade of the twentieth century, mass production of stainless steel had set in.

* Prices are subject to change without notice due to fluctuations in the metals market. | All “Value Length” and “Value Pack” item measurements are subject to standard mill tolerances. | Products may be manufactured several thousandths of an inch over or under the stated dimensions and still be within acceptable mill tolerances. All bar, tube, structural, pipe, sheet, plate, and similar products sold on our website are custom cut to the lengths and sizes selected by the customer at the time of purchase. These are not stocked as pre-cut items. Because each order is cut specifically to customer specifications, all cut materials are considered custom products and are not eligible for cancellation, return, or exchange once production has begun. Our standard cutting tolerances are:

  • Length: +0.125″ / -0.062″
  • During the cutting process, the saw blade removes approximately 1/16″ (kerf) of material. This is a normal part of the manufacturing process and is already included within the stated cutting tolerances.
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Schedule 10, 40, 80 Pipe Dimensions

Pipe
Size*
O.D.
(in.)
Schedule (10, 40, 80)
Wall Thickness (in.)**
Sch.10 Sch.40 Sch.80
Wall (in) I.D. (in) Wall (in) I.D. (in) Wall (in) I.D. (in)
 
1/8" 0.41 od 0.049 in 0.312 id 0.07 in 0.269 id    
Weight
(lbs/ft.)		 Steel 0.183 lbs/ft 0.247 lbs/ft  
Stainless
Aluminum      
1/4" 0.54 od 0.065 in 0.410 id 0.090 in 0.364 id 0.119 in 0.302 id
Weight
(lbs/ft.)		 Steel 0.333 lbs/ft 0.429 lbs/ft 0.535 lbs/ft
Stainless
Aluminum   0.147 lbs/ft  
3/8" 0.675 od 0.065 in 0.545 id 0.091 in 0.493 id 0.126 in 0.423 id
Weight
(lbs/ft.)		 Steel 0.420 lbs/ft 0.570 lbs/ft 0.740 lbs/ft
Stainless
Aluminum   0.196 lbs/ft  
1/2" 0.840 od 0.083 in 0.674 id 0.109 in 0.622 id 0.147 in 0.546 id
Weight
(lbs/ft.)		 Steel 0.670 lbs/ft 0.850 lbs/ft 1.090 lbs/ft
Stainless
Aluminum   0.294 lbs/ft 0.384 lbs/ft
3/4" 1.050 od 0.083 in 0.884 id 0.113 in 0.824 id 0.154 in 0.742 id
Weight
(lbs/ft.)		 Steel 0.86 lbs/ft 1.13 lbs/ft 1.48 lbs/ft
Stainless
Aluminum   0.391 0.520
1" 1.315 od 0.109 in 1.097 id 0.133 in 1.049 id 0.179 in 0.957 id
Weight
(lbs/ft.)		 Steel 1.41 lbs/ft 1.68 lbs/ft 2.17 lbs/ft
Stainless
Aluminum 0.481 lbs/ft 0.581 lbs/ft 0.781 lbs/ft
1-1/4" 1.66 od 0.109 in 1.442 id 0.140 in 1.380 id 0.191 in 1.278 id
Weight
(lbs/ft.)		 Steel 1.81 lbs/ft 2.27 lbs/ft 3.00 lbs/ft
Stainless
Aluminum 0.618 lbs/ft 0.785 lbs/ft 1.040 lbs/ft
1-1/2" 1.90 od 0.109 in 1.682 id 0.145 in 1.610 id 0.200 in 1.500 id
Weight
(lbs/ft.)		 Steel 2.09 lbs/ft 2.72 lbs/ft 3.63 lbs/ft
Stainless
Aluminum 0.714 lbs/ft 0.939 lbs/ft 1.260 lbs/ft
2" 2.375 od 0.109 in 2.157 id 0.154 in 2.067 id 0.218 in 1.939 id
Weight
(lbs/ft.)		 Steel 2.64 lbs/ft 3.66 lbs/ft 5.03 lbs/ft
Stainless
Aluminum 0.903 lbs/ft 1.260 lbs/ft 1.740 lbs/ft
2-1/2" 2.875 od 0.120 in 2.635 id 0.203 in 2.469 id 0.276 in 2.323 id
Weight
(lbs/ft.)		 Steel 3.53 lbs/ft 5.80 lbs/ft 7.67 lbs/ft
Stainless
Aluminum 1.209 lbs/ft 2.000 lbs/ft  
3" 3.50 od 0.120 in 3.26 id 0.216 in 3.068 id 0.30 in 2.90 id
Weight
(lbs/ft.)		 Steel 4.34 lbs/ft 7.58 lbs/ft 10.26 lbs/ft
Stainless
Aluminum 1.483 lbs/ft 2.620 lbs/ft 3.55 lbs/ft
3-1/2" 4.00 od 0.120 in 3.76 id 0.226 in 3.550 id 0.318 in 3.360 id
Weight
(lbs/ft.)		 Steel 4.98 lbs/ft 9.12 lbs/ft 12.52 lbs/ft
Stainless
Aluminum   3.150 lbs/ft 4.33 lbs/ft
4" 4.50 od 0.120 in 4.26 id 0.237 in 4.026 id 0.337 in 3.826 id
Weight
(lbs/ft.)		 Steel 5.62 lbs/ft 10.80 lbs/ft 15.00 lbs/ft
Stainless
Aluminum 1.922 lbs/ft 3.730 lbs/ft 5.180 lbs/ft
5" 5.563 od 0.134 in 5.295 id 0.258 in 5.047 id 0.375 in 4.813 id
Weight
(lbs/ft.)		 Steel 7.78 lbs/ft 14.63 lbs/ft 20.80 lbs/ft
Stainless
Aluminum 2.660 lbs/ft 5.050 lbs/ft 7.190 lbs/ft
6" 6.625 od 0.134 in 6.357 id 0.280 in 6.065 id 0.432 in 5.761 id
Weight
(lbs/ft.)		 Steel 9.30 lbs/ft 18.99 lbs/ft 28.60 lbs/ft
Stainless
Aluminum 3.181 lbs/ft 6.560 lbs/ft 9.880 lbs/ft
8" 8.625 od 0.148 in 8.329 id 0.322 in 7.981 id 0.500 in 7.625 id
Weight
(lbs/ft.)		 Steel 13.41 lbs/ft 28.58 lbs/ft 43.43 lbs/ft
Stainless
Aluminum   9.88 lbs/ft 15.010 lbs/ft
*Nominal sizes apply - Pipe Size is the generic Industry Size Standard for reference only
**Tolerances may vary slightly from each manufacturer
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Wire Gauges and Sheet Metal Gauges / Weights

Ga = Gauge | Wgt = Weight
Ga# Sheet Steel Galvanized Steel Stainless Steel Aluminum Strip & Tubing
Ga
(in.)		 Wgt
(lb/ft2)		 Ga
(in.)		 Wgt
(lb/ft2)		 Ga
(in.)		 Wgt
(lb/ft2)		 Ga
(in.)		 Wgt
(lb/ft2)		 Ga
(in.)
38 0.0060       0.0062   0.0040    
37 0.0064       0.0066   0.0045    
36 0.0067       0.0070   0.0050   0.004
35 0.0075       0.0078   0.0056   0.005
34 0.0082       0.0086   0.0063   0.007
33 0.0090       0.0094   0.0071   0.008
32 0.0097       0.0102   0.0080   0.009
31 0.0105       0.0109   0.0089   0.010
30 0.0120 0.500 0.016 0.656 0.0125   0.0100 0.141 0.012
29 0.0135 0.563 0.017 0.719 0.0141   0.0113 0.160 0.013
28 0.0149 0.625 0.019 0.781 0.0156   0.0126 0.178 0.014
27 0.0164 0.688 0.020 0.844 0.0172   0.0142 0.200 0.016
26 0.0179 0.750 0.022 0.906 0.0187 0.756 0.0159 0.224 0.018
25 0.0209 0.875 0.025 1.031 0.0219   0.0179 0.253 0.020
24 0.0239 1.000 0.028 1.156 0.0250 1.008 0.0201 0.284 0.022
23 0.0269 1.125 0.031 1.281 0.0281   0.0226 0.319 0.025
22 0.0299 1.250 0.034 1.406 0.0312 1.26 0.0253 0.357 0.028
21 0.0329 1.375 0.037 1.531 0.0344   0.0285 0.402 0.032
20 0.0359 1.500 0.040 1.656 0.0375 1.512 0.0320 0.452 0.035
19 0.0418 1.750 0.046 1.906 0.0437   0.0359 0.507 0.042
18 0.0478 2.000 0.052 2.156 0.0500 2.016 0.0403 0.569 0.049
17 0.0538 2.250 0.058 2.406 0.0562   0.0453 0.639 0.058
16 0.0598 2.500 0.064 2.656 0.0625 2.52 0.0508 0.717 0.065
15 0.0673 2.813 0.071 2.969 0.0703   0.0571 0.806 0.072
14 0.0747 3.125 0.079 3.281 0.0781 3.15 0.0641 0.905 0.083
13 0.0897 3.750 0.093 3.906 0.0937   0.0720 1.016 0.095
12 0.1046 4.375 0.108 4.531 0.1094 4.41 0.0808 1.140 0.109
11 0.1196 5.000 0.123 5.156 0.1250 5.04 0.0907 1.280 0.120
10 0.1345 5.625 0.138 5.781 0.1406 5.67 0.1019 1.438 0.134
9 0.1495 6.250 0.153 6.406 0.1562   0.1144 1.614 0.148
8 0.1644 6.875 0.168 7.031 0.1719 6.93 0.1285 1.813 0.165
7 0.1793 7.500     0.1875 7.871 0.1443 2.036 0.180
6 0.1943 8.125     0.2031   0.1620 2.286 0.203
5 0.2092 8.750     0.2187   0.1819   0.220
4 0.2242 9.375     0.2344   0.2043   0.238
3 0.2391 10.00     0.2500   0.2294   0.259
2         0.2656   0.2576   0.284
1         0.2812   0.2893   0.300